Characteristics of the Marine Evaporation Duct Height Climatology over the Tropical Indian Ocean and the Effect of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer

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Characteristics of the Marine Evaporation Duct Height Climatology over the Tropical Indian Ocean and the Effect of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer

N. Kameshwari - Nama Orang; T. V. S. Udaya Bhaskar - Nama Orang; Krishna K. Osuri - Nama Orang; E. Pattabhi Ramarao - Nama Orang;

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ABSTRACT: The marine atmospheric boundary layer influences the evolution of evaporation duct height (EDH) by altering the vertical profile of the refractive index. The EDH is a crucial parameter for marine and naval communication. Many studies have demonstrated the sensitivity of boundary layer similarity theory in estimating the vertical profile of refractive index. The current study modifies the widely accepted EDH formulation of Babin?s model A to suit the air?sea interaction in moderate wind conditions of the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO), referred to as a modified model A (MMA). The EDH estimated by the MMA model has reduced the error by around 3.5 m than that of the operational Paulus?Jeske (PJ) model, when validated against observations. The present study revealed that the PJ model fails in an upwelling region and also modifies the seasonality of computed EDH. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) analysis brings out that the EDH is sensitive to moisture transfer coefficient (with R2 520.83) and surface layer stability (with R2 5 0.8) in the TIO, which was supported by the hourly time series constructed from ocean buoy data. This study brings confidence in replacing the existing operational PJ model with the MMA model in naval applications for the TIO region.

KEYWORDS: Upwelling/downwelling; Boundary layer; Air-sea interaction; Buoy observations; Ship observations

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JUR00503.1

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Judul Seri: -
No. Panggil: 551.515 309 164 KAM c
Penerbit: Boston, USA : American Meteorological Society., 2026
Deskripsi Fisik: Page(s): 341-357; Illus
Bahasa: English
ISBN/ISSN: 1558-8432
Klasifikasi: 551.515 309 164
Tipe Isi: text
Tipe Media: unspecified
Tipe Pembawa: volume
Edisi: Volume 65 (2026): Issue 3 (Mar 2026)
Subjek: Marine meteorology – Indian Ocean
Atmospheric boundary layer – Tropical zones
Evaporation (Meteorology) – Climatology
Ocean-atmosphere interaction – Research
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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab: -

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